RUSSIAN, EU AND USA STEEL STANDARDS

Common standards for metals:

Australia - AS (Australian Standart) 

Austria - ONORM 

Belgium - NBN 

Bulgaria - BDS 

Hungary - MSZ 

United Kingdom - B.S. (British Standart) 

Germany - DIN (Deutsche Normen), WN 

European Union - EN (European Norm) 

Italy - UNI (Italian National Standards) 

Spaine - UNE (Espaniol National Standards) 

Canada - CSA (Canadian Standards Association) 

China - GB 

Norway - NS (Standards Norway) 

Poland - PN (Poland Norm) 

Romania - STAS 

Russia - TU, GOST 

USA - AISI (American Iron and Steel Institute),ACI (American Concrete Institute),ANSI (American National Standards Institute),AMS (American Mathematical Society: Mathematics Research and Scholarship),API (American Petroleum Institute),ASME (American Society of Mechanical Engineers),ASTM (American Society of Testing and Materials),AWS (American Welding Society),SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers), UNS 

Finland - SFS (Finnish Standards Association) 

France - AFNOR NF (association francaise de normalisation) 

Czech Republic - CSN (Czech State Norm) 

Sweden - SS (Swedish Standart) 

Switzerland - SNV (Schweizerische Normen-Vereinigung) 

Japan - JIS (Japanese Industrial Standart) 

International standart - ISO (International Organization for Standardization)

In the USA used more metals and alloys refer to systems associated with existing standards organizations. The most well-known organizations are:

AISI - The American Iron and Steel Institute

ACI - The American Institute of Casting

ANSI - The US National Institute of Standardization

AMS - Specification of aerospace materials

ASME - The American Society of Civil Engineers - Mechanics

ASTM - American Society for Testing and Materials 

AWS - American Welding Society 

SAE - Society of Engineers - Motorists

The most popular steel notations which are used in USA are below:

AISI notation system:

Carbon and alloy steels:

In AISI notation system carbon and alloy steels, are usually denoted by four digital symbols. First two digits indicate the number of the steel group, and the last two - the average carbon content of steel, multiplied by 100. In this way, 1045 steel refers to a group 10XX high-quality constructional steels (with Mn content less than 1%), and contains about 0.45% carbon.

Steel 4032 (40XX group), with an average content of C - 0.32% and Mo - 0.2 or 0.25% (the actual C content in steel 4032 - 0.30 - 0.35%, Mo - 0.2 - 0.3%).

Steel 8625 is also a kind of alloy steel (group 86XX) with an average content: C - 0.25% (actual values 0.23 - 0.28%), Ni - 0.55% (0.40 - 0.70%), Cr - 0.50% (0.4 - 0.6%), Mo - 0.20% (0.15 - 0.25%).

In addition to the four-digit number in the names of steels one can also meet some letters. Letters L and B means that steel is alloyed with boron, respectively (0.0005 - 0.03%) or with lead (0.15 - 0.35%), they are placed between the second and third digit of its designation, for example: 51B60 or 15L48.

The letters M and E are put ahead of steel name, it means that the steel is intended for the production of non-critical mill products (the letter M) or is made in an electric furnace (the letter E). Letter N in the end of the name means that the characteristic feature of the steel is hardenability.

Stainless steel:

AISI standard of stainless steels includes three digits and sometimes one, two or more letters. The first digit specifies the class notation the steel. Thus, designation of austenitic stainless steels starts with numbers 2XX and 3XX, while ferritic steel and martensistnye belong to class 4XX.

Meanwhile, last two digits, unlike carbon and alloy steels, have nothing to do with chemical composition, and only show an index number of a steel in a group.

Designations in alloy steels:

13HH - Mn: 1.75%

40HH - Mo: 0.2, 0.25% or Mo: 0.25% and S: 0.042%

41HH - Cr: 0.5, 0.8 or 0.95% and Mo: 0.12, 0.20 or 0.30%

43HH - Ni: 1.83%, Cr: 0.50 - 0.80%, Mo: 0.25%

46HH - Ni: 0.85 or 1.83% and Mo: 0.2 or 0.25%

47HH - Ni: 1.05%, Cr: 0.45% and Mo: 0.2 or 0.35%

48HH - Ni: 3.5% and Mo: 0.25%

51HH - Cr: 0.8, 0.88, 0.93, 0.95 or 1.0%

51HHH - Cr: 1.03%

52HHH - Cr: 1.45%

61hh - Cr: 0.6 or 0.95% and V: 0.13% min or 0.15% min

86HH - Ni: 0.55%, Cr: 0.50% and Mo: 0.20%

87HH - Ni: 0.55%, Cr: 0.50% and Mo: 0.25%

88XX - Ni: 0.55%, Cr: 0.50% and Mo: 0.35%

92XX - Si: 2.0% or Si: 1.40% and Cr: 0.70%

50BXX - Cr: 0.28 or 0.50%

51BXX - Cr: 0.80%

81BXX - Ni: 0.30%, Cr: 0.45% and Mo: 0.12%

94BXX - Ni: 0.45%, Cr: 0.40% and Mo: 0.12%

Additional letters and numbers that follow the figures used to indicate the stainless steels AISI mean:

XXXL - Low carbon content <0.03%

xxxS - Average carbon content of <0.08%

xxxN - Added nitrogen

xxxLN - Low carbon content <0.03% + added nitrogen

xxxF - Increased sulfur and phosphorus content

xxxSe - Added selenium

xxxB - added silicon

xxxH - Advanced carbon content range

xxxCu - added copper

Some examples:

Steel 304 relates to austenitic its, carbon content is <0.08%. At the same time, 304 L carbon content is only <0.03%, and a carbon steel 304 H carbon is in interval 0.04 - 0.10%. Above mentioned steel may also be doped with nitrogen (its name will be 304 N then) or with copper (304 Cu).

The steel 410 relates to the martensitic - ferritic class, carbon content is 0.15% and steel 410 S - carbon <0.08%. Steel F 430 in contrast to 430 high has a higher content of sulfur and phosphorus in the steel and 430 F steel has also selenium added.

ASTM notation system: Designation of steels in ASTM system includes: letter A, which means black metal; serial number of the normative document of ASTM (standard); and steel grade itself.

Usually ASTM standard adopts an American system of physical quantities. If the standard uses the metric system of notation, there is the letter M after its number. ASTM standards, as a rule, determine not only the chemical composition of the steel, but also a complete list of requirements for steel products. To indicate the proper grades and determine their chemical composition one can use both a private notation ASTM (in this case, the chemical composition of steels and their labeling is determined directly in the standard) and other notations, such as AISI - for rods, wire, billet and etc., or ACI -. for castings made of stainless steel.

Examples:

A 516 / A 516M - 90 Grade 70 Here A determines that it is a black metal; 516 - this is the serial number ASTM standard (516M - this is the same standard, but in the metric system of notation); 90 - year of publication of the standard; Grade 70 - grade stali.V this case uses its own notation ASTM steels are 70 determines the minimum tensile strength steel with a tensile test (in ksi grade, which is about 485 MPa).

A 276 Type 304 L. This standard is used in steel grade designation system AISI - 304 L.

A 351 Grade CF8M. Here the notation used ACI: the first letter C means that the steel refers to a group of corrosion-resistant, 8 - determines the average carbon content (0.08%), M - means that steel is added molybdenum.

A 335 / A 335M grade P22; A 213 / A 213M grade T22; A 336 / A 336M class F22. In these examples, it uses its own marking ASTM steels. First letter means that the steel is intended for the production of pipes (P or T) or forgings (F).

A 269 grade TP304. It uses a combination notation. Letter TP is determined that the steel is intended for the production pipe, 304 - a steel AISI designation system.

Universal UNS designation system:

UNS - a universal system of notation of metals and alloys. It was established in 1975 to unify the different notation systems used in the United States. According to UNS steel designations consist of letters determines the group of steel and five digits.

The UNS system, the easiest way to classify steel AISI. For structural and alloyed steels, included in the G group, the first four digits of the name - a designation AISI steel system replaces the last digit of the letters that appear in notation on the AISI. Since the letters of L and B, indicating that the steel doped with boron or lead, match the numbers 1 and 4, and the letter of the E, meaning that the steel in an electric furnace Furnace - figure 6.

Names of stainless steel AISI-start with the letter S, and include the designation of steel AISI (first three digits) and two additional digits that correspond to the letters in the additional designation on the AISI.

Legend steels UNS system:

Dxxxxx - Steel with prescribed mechanical properties

Gxxxxx - carbon and alloy steel AISI (except instrumental)

Hxxxxx - As above, but for calcined steels

Jxxxxx - Foundry steel

Kxxxxx - steels that are not included in AISI

Sxxxxx - Heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant stainless steel

Txxxxx - Tool steel

Wxxxxx - Welding materials

Additional letters and numbers that follow the numbers used to describe stainless steels UNS mean:

hxx01 - Low carbon content <0.03%

hxx08 - Average carbon content of <0.08%

hxx09 - Advanced carbon content range

hxx15 - added silicon

hxx20 - Increased sulfur and phosphorus content

hxx23 - Added selenium

hxx30 - added copper

hxx51 - Added nitrogen

hxx53 - Low carbon content <0.03% + added nitrogen

Examples:

Carbon Steel 1045 is designated as the system UNS G 10450, and alloy steel 4032 - G 40320.

Steel 51B60, doped with boron, called the system UNS G 51601 and steel 15L48, alloyed with lead, - G 15484.

Stainless steels are designated: 304 - S 30400, 304 L - S 30401, 304 H - S 30409, and 304 Cu - S 30430.

Steel grades			USA standards
CIS countries	European standards
Р0 М2 СФ10-МП	-	-	А11
Р2 М9-МП	S2-9-2	1.3348	М7
Р2 М10 К8-МП	S2-10-1-8	1.3247	М42
Р6 М5-МП	S6-5-2	1.3343	М2
Р6 М5 К5-МП	S6-5-2-5	1.3243	-
Р6 М5 Ф3-МП	S6-5-3	1.3344	М3
Р6 М5 Ф4-МП	-	-	М4
Р6 М5 Ф3 К8-МП	-	-	М36
Р10 М4 Ф3 К10-МП	S10-4-3-10	1.3207	-
Р6 М5 Ф3 К9-МП	-	-	М48
Р12 М6 Ф5-МП	-	-	М61
Р12 Ф4 К5-МП	S12-1-4-5	1.3202	-
Р12 Ф5 К5-МП	-	-	Т15
Р18-МП	-	-	Т1

Structural steel:

Steel grades			USA standards
CIS countries	European standards
10	C10E	1.1121	1010
10XГН1	10 ХГН1	1.5805	-
14 ХН3 М	14 NiCrMo1-3-4	1.6657	9310
15	C15 Е	1.1141	1015
15 Г	С16 Е	1.1148	1016
16 ХГ	16 МnCr5	1.7131	5115
16XГР	16Mn CrB5	1.7160	-
16 ХГН	16NiCr4	1.5714	-
17 Г1 С	S235J2G4	1.0117	-
17 ХН3	15NiCr13	1.5752	Е3310
18 ХГМ	18CrMo4	1.7243	4120
18 Х2 Н2 М	18CrNiMo7-6	1.6587	-
20	C22E	1.1151	1020
20 ХМ	20MoCr3	1.7320	4118
20 ХГНМ	20MoCr2-2	1.6523	8617
25	C25E	1.1158	1025
25 ХМ	25CrMo4	1.7218	4130
28 Г	28Mn6	1.1170	1330
30	C30E	1.1178	1030
34 Х	34Cr4	1.7033	5130
34 Х2 Н2 М	34CrNiMo6	1.6582	4340
35	C35E	1.1181	1035
36 ХНМ	36CrNiMo4	1.6511	9840
36 Х2 Н4 МА	36NiCrMo16	1.6773	-
40	C40E	1.1186	1040
42 ХМ	42CrMo4	1.7225	4140
45	C45E	1.1191	1045
46 Х	46Cr2	1.7006	5045
50	C50E	1.1206	1050
50 ХГФ	50CrV4	1.8159	6150

Basic assortment of stainless steel grades:

CIS countries	European standards (EN)	Germany(DIN)	USA (AISI)
03 Х17 Н13 М2	1.4404	X2 CrNiMo 17-12-2	316 L
03 Х17 Н14 М3	1.4435	X2 CrNiMo 18-4-3	-
03 Х18 Н11	1.4306	X2 CrNi 19-11	304 L
03 Х18 Н10 Т-У	1.4541-MOD	-	-
06 ХН28 МДТ	1.4503	X3 NiCrCuMoTi 27-23	-
06 Х18 Н11	1.4303	X4 CrNi 18-11	305 L
08 Х12 Т1	1.4512	X6 CrTi 12	409
08 Х13	1.4000	Х6 Cr 13	410S
08 Х17 Н13 М2	1.4436	X5CrNiMo 17-13-3	316
08 Х17 Н13 М2 Т	1.4571	Х6 CrNiMoTi 17-12-2	316Ti
08 Х17 Т	1.4510	Х6 СrTi 17	430Ti
08 Х18 Н10	1.4301	X5 CrNi 18-10	304
08 Х18 Н12 Т	1.4541	Х6 CrNiTi 18-10	321
10 Х23 Н18	1.4842	X12 CrNi 25-20	310S
10X13	1.4006	X10 Cr13	410
12 Х18 Н10 Т	1.4878	X12 CrNiTi 18-9	-
12 Х18 Н9	-	-	302
15 Х5 М	1.7362	Х12 СrMo 5	501
15 Х25 Т	1.4746	Х8 CrTi 25	-
20X13	1.4021	Х20 Cr 13	420
20 Х17 Н2	1.4057	X20 CrNi 17-2	431
20 Х23 Н13	1.4833	X7 CrNi 23-14	309
20 Х23 Н18	1.4843	X16 CrNi 25-20	310
20 Х25 Н20 С2	1.4841	X56 CrNiSi 25-20	314
03 Х18 АН11	1.4311	X2 CrNiN 18-10	304LN
03 Х19 Н13 М3	1.4438	X2 18-5-4	317L
03 Х23 Н6	1.4362	X2 CrNiN 23-4	-
02 Х18 М2 БТ	1.4521	X2 CrMoTi 18-2	444
02 Х28 Н30 МДБ	1.4563	X1 NiCrMoCu 31-27-4	-
03 Х17 Н13 АМ3	1.4429	X2 CrNiMoN 17-13-3	316LN
03 Х22 Н5 АМ2	1.4462	X2 CrNiMoN 22-5-3	-
03 Х24 Н13 Г2 С	1.4332	Х2 CrNi 24-12	309L
08 Х16 Н13 М2 Б	1.4580	X1 CrNiMoNb 17-12-2	316 Сd
08 Х18 Н12 Б	1.4550	X6 CrNiNb 18-10	347
08 Х18 Н14 М2 Б	1.4583 Х10 CrNiMoNb	Х10 CrNiMoNb 18-12	318
08X19AH9	-	-	304N
08X19H13M3	1.4449	X5 CrNiMo 17-13	317
08X20H11	1.4331	X2 CrNi 21-10	308
08X20H20TЮ	1.4847	X8 СrNiAlTi 20-20	334
08X25H4M2	1.4460	X3 CrnImOn 27-5-2&a